• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    13 Summary The invention relates to a spring device comprising a leaf spring and a safety band extending along two sides of the leaf spring and enclosing the OgIan, and a clamping unit connecting the safety band to the leaf spring. The invention also relates to a spring suspension for a wheel axle of a vehicle, the spring suspension comprising a spring device. (Fig. 4)
    公开号:SE1350526A1
    申请号:SE1350526
    申请日:2013-04-30
    公开日:2014-10-31
    发明作者:Anders Johansson；Göran Berkelund
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spring device in a spring suspension for a wheel axle in a vehicle according to the preamble of the independent claim.
    Background of the Invention The axle suspension of a vehicle connects a wheel axle in the vehicle to the body of the vehicle, and must be designed to be able to be subjected to large forces.
    The shoulder suspension has been exposed to e.g. a longitudinal tensile loads during normal operation, and longitudinal compressive loads that arise, for example, at take-off and low speeds. When cornering or swaying, the vehicle is also exposed to transverse forces which, among other things, increase the transverse pressure on the wheel axles, and then also on the axle suspension.
    The shoulder suspension can be provided with various safety arrangements to mitigate the effect if all fractures occur. In a type of axle suspension, for example two-beam suspension, the wheel axle is suspended to the vehicle body via bid spring shafts which connect the wheel axle to the body via a spring suspension each.
    For safety reasons, the spring link has at least two spring leaves to cope with the case that one of the leaves breaks.
    An example of a spring link with one or more safety blades is shown in 0B247074.
    In the event of a break in the spring, the parts that have been sanded in their normal relative positions are maintained and supported. Even if all the parts no longer have their normal function, the parts that have broken down are prevented from moving the vehicle in an unsafe condition.
    US2007 / 0045915A1 discloses a leaf spring construction which includes a safety strap extending along a plurality of stacked leaf springs which are kept stacked by a spring fastener. If all the flaps of the leaf springs go apart 2 within certain limits, then the pieces that have gone apart are held to the other leaf springs in the stack through the safety band. This prevents broken pieces from becoming a danger on the road for other road users. However, the safety belt does not prevent the shaft from tilting if the driving or traction forces are on.
    As many interconnected leaf springs are used, the spring link becomes heavier,. To reduce the vehicle's costs, it is a desire to reduce the weight of the vehicle.
    Normally, the probability of breakage in the spring leaves used is evenly distributed over the leaves. In the event of a breakage in the spring blades and the spring blades are not provided with any safety arrangement, the buoyancy of the wheel axle disappears and the wheel axle may come into contact with the vehicle frame. Opposite vehicle side will clah hOjas and the whole vehicle may get too large a slope. The wheel axle can then also tilt towards its normal position in a longitudinal vehicle direction, and so-called "caster" arises. In the case of a large caster, the brake cylinder under the vehicle can be extended. In the case of a crime in, for example, a two-leaf spring with a safety eyelet, there is redundancy with both stiffness and longitudinal stability, regardless of the crime's location. If, instead, a single-leaf spring is used and a fracture occurs, an unacceptably large part of the spring stiffness of the spring suspension is lost.
    The object of the invention is thus to provide a spring device which has a lower weight than previous spring devices, and which in particular prevents the cordability of the vehicle from being affected to any great extent if a breakage of the spring device occurs.
    Summary of the invention The object described above is achieved by a spring device which comprises a leaf spring according to the independent claim. The spring device comprises a safety band which extends along two sides of a leaf spring and encloses the Oglan, and a clamping unit which connects the safety band to the leaf spring. 3 By having a safety band that encloses the oglan and a clamping unit that connects the safety band to the leaf spring, the leaf spring can be held together even when the leaf spring is exposed to breakage. The safety belt also means that the gear stability can be maintained, so that the vehicle can continue to be steered on a predictable salt at sharp curves even when a fault has occurred. The safety band should also closely follow the leaf spring and its owl to provide a limited playing field for the owl. Distance elements between the oglan and the safety band can be used, among other things, to reduce the game.
    By placing the clamping unit adjacent to the OgIan, the owl is retained by the safety strap and the clamping unit even if the leaf spring has been exposed to breakage by the owl.
    The leaf spring can then be prevented from passing over the oglan, and a movement of the wheel axle up towards the frame of the vehicle can be limited.
    Therefore, it is advisable to steer any breakage to an Ogle area adjacent to the loop on the leaf spring, so that the brake cylinder can be spared. This can be done in different ways, for example by weakening the leaf spring in the Ogle area. Another salt is to strengthen the leaf spring outside the Ogle area. The deformation of the leaf spring can then be reduced to an acceptable level, so that the other parts of the vehicle are not damaged and so that the vehicle can still be driven. The vehicle's vehicle height can also be mainly maintained. By KOrhojd is meant the distance between a wheel axle and the ground plane.
    According to one embodiment, the spring device comprises a single-leaf spring. The spring device then has only one spring, and on such salt the weight can be reduced compared to having, for example, a two-leaf spring.
    In one embodiment, a spring suspension is also exemplified by a wheel axle of a vehicle, the spring suspension comprising a spring device.
    Various embodiments are described in the dependent claims and in the detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The following invention will be described with reference to the accompanying figures, of which: Fig. 1 shows a vehicle with spring suspensions for the various wheel axles.
    Fig. 2 shows a spring suspension according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Fig. 3 shows a cross section A-A of the spring suspension in Fig. 2.
    Fig. 4 shows an exposed spring device with safety straps.
    Figs. 5A-5B show a part of the spring device in Fig. 4 seen from the side and from above.
    Figs. 6A-6B show the safety belt in Fig. 4 exposed seen from the side and from above.
    Fig. 7 shows an example of a machined leaf spring.
    Fig. 8 shows an example of how the spring device behaves in the event of a break.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 schematically shows a truck 1 with wheels 2 connected to wheel axles 4.
    The wheel axles 4 are suspended via spring suspensions 3 to a vehicle body 8 (Fig. 2), for example a vehicle frame. The vehicle frame can consist of bidet elongated parallel frame side beams which are connected to each other by a number of crossbeams.
    Fig. 2 shows a spring suspension 3 for a wheel axle 4 for the truck 1 in Fig. 1 in more detail. The spring suspension 3 can be attached to other vehicles than lorries, for example cars, emergency vehicles, etc. In Fig. 2 only a spring suspension 3 is shown located near one end of the wheel axle 4, but it is understood that in most cases there is also a second spring suspension 3 at The second spirit of the same wheel axle 4.
    The spring suspension 3 comprises a spring device 6 which extends in a horizontal vehicle direction dh and is mounted to the vehicle body 8 pd. the vehicle 1 via a spring fixture 5 which houses a bearing 13. The spring attachment 5 is fixed to the vehicle body 8, more specifically the frame side beam, with for instance bolts or rivets. The spring device 6 is mounted in one end with an owl 17 mounted to the spring fastener 5 via a bolt 12 which extends in a substantially transverse vehicle direction through the bearing 13 and through the owl 17. The spring device 6 is further attached at its second spirit to the wheel axle 4 via a axle shaft 7. The center 18 of the wheel axle 4 is marked in the figure. The axle bracket 7 can be, for example, a bridge with stirrups 34 which are salted but protruding pins 35 on the wheel axle 4, and which clamp the spring device 16 against the wheel axle 4 by screwing the stirrups 34 with bolts or screws in a plate 36. Other salts to fasten the spring device 6 for the wheel axle 4 is, however, tankable. The axle bracket 7 is fixed to a shock absorber 10 which in turn is fixed to the vehicle body 8. In the example in the figure the spring device 16 has an extension 22 which extends behind the wheel axle 4 in the horizontal vehicle direction dh, and which abuts the underside of an air bellows 11 .
    The spring device 6 comprises a leaf spring 16 which forms an ogla 17 in its one spirit. Oglian 17 is in most figures water from the underside of the vehicle, and thus towards the ground plane, and is then called the underlying Ogla 17. Oglan 17 may, however, instead be water towards the underside of the vehicle, and thus from the ground plane, and is then called overlying Ogla 17. OgIan 17 can instead be a centered ogla, a so-called "berlinerogla". The spring device 6 also comprises a safety band 19 which extends along the leaf spring 16.
    Fig. 3 shows a cross section of the spring fastener 5 in Fig. 2 along the line A-A. The spring fastener is designed with two. stirrups 37 which house the bearing 13 between them. The bolt 12 extends through the bearing 13 along an axis 15, which also forms a rotation axis 15 for the oglane 17 (Fig. 2). The bolt 12 is fixed with a nut 14 and a joint 9. The leaf spring 16 is taken around the bearing 13 and is movable about the axis of rotation 15. On the outside of the leaf spring 16 is seen the safety band 19 which has been taken next to the leaf spring 16. Between the shackles 37 and the bearing 13 can washers 38 arranged to receive forces in the transverse vehicle direction dt.
    Fig. 4 shows an exposed spring device 6 used in Fig. 2. The figure shows how the safety belt 19 extends from a mounting area 23 on the leaf spring 16 within which mounting area 23 the leaf spring 16 is adapted to be mounted to the wheel axle 4 (Fig. 2). The safety strap 19 then extends along a first side 25 of the leaf spring 16 to enclose the eye 17, and further along a second side 26 of the leaf spring 16 to the mounting area 23 of the leaf spring 16. The eye 17 encloses the bearing 13 and the bolt 12. The first and the second side 25, 26 are opposite sides of the leaf spring 16. The first and the second side 25, 26 also form the outer sides of the leaf spring 16 in a vertical vehicle direction dv (Fig. 2).
    The mounting area 23 comprises, for example, two opposite flat surfaces of the leaf spring 16, on which the safety band 19 is then placed. The mounting area 23 is located between the extension 22 of the leaf spring 16 and the remaining part of the leaf spring 16. The safety band 19 is fixed to the leaf spring 16 with fastening elements 24, 30 in the mounting area 23 and / or around the oglan 17.
    The fastening elements 24, 30 can for instance consist of rivets or screws. As shown in Fig. 2, the axle bracket 7 is then tensioned over the mounting area 23 and thereby further tightens the safety strap 19 between the plate 36 and the leaf spring 16, and between the wheel axle 4 and the leaf spring 16.
    The spring device 6 further comprises a clamping unit 20 which connects the securing strap 19 to the leaf spring 16. The clamping unit 20 may for instance comprise a bracket which is placed around the leaf spring 16 and the securing strap 19 and which is fastened with a screw connection 29. The clamping unit 20 may be fixedly the safety band 19 which extends along the first or the other side 25, 26 of the leaf spring 16, and is fixed to this part by welding, upsetting or other mechanical welding with, for example, a screw or rivet. An opposite part of the leaf spring 16 which is not fixedly connected to the clamping unit 16 is then allowed to move in a space between the clamping unit 20 and the leaf spring 16 in the case of, for example, suspension or breakage of the spring device 6. According to another embodiment, the clamping unit 20 is fixedly connected to the safety belt 19 on both the first and the second side 25, 26 am the leaf spring 16. The clamping unit 20 is shown in the figures placed next to the eye 17. If all fractures occur on. the leaf spring 16 in the vicinity of the eye 17, the leaf spring 16 is prevented from passing over the eye 17. The length of the spring device 6 can then be substantially maintained, and also the stability of the spring device 6 in the vertical vehicle direction dt. These properties can be improved by designing the safety band 19 around the leaf spring 16 so that there is no or only a small play between the safety band 19 and the leaf spring 16 around the eye 17 pa. the leaf spring 16. An additional salt to improve these properties is to place the cooling unit 20 as close to the eye 17 as possible.
    According to one embodiment, the security band 19 is a divided band and thus comprises more than one part. This can be advantageous from a manufacturing point of view. The cooling unit 20 can then be used to join the parts of the security band 19 together into a continuous band.
    The safety belt 19 can, for example, be made of flat iron, or steel with good tensile strength. It has a thickness of. between 1-5 mm, for example 2 or 3 mm. The width of the safety band 19 may, for example, correspond to the width of the leaf spring 16. The safety belt 19 is according to an embodiment manufactured in a unit. The leaf spring 16 can be made of, for example, spring steel, steel or composite.
    Fig. 5A shows a part of the spring device 6 in Fig. 4 seen from the side. The safety strap 19 extending along the leaf spring 16 and its Ogla 17 () is shown on the axis of rotation 15 which extends around the center of the eye 17 and also forms the axis of rotation 20fer the bearing 13 around the bolt 12. The safety strap 19 is salted against the leaf spring 16 with the cooling unit 20 and for example the screw connection 29. As shown in the figure, the spring device 6 may comprise at least one spacer element 21 placed between the safety band 19 and the leaf spring 16, for example between the safety band 19 and OgIan 17 on the leaf spring 16. The figure shows two spacer elements 21 which are placed 9 between the egg 17 on the leaf spring 16 and the safety band 19, but more spacer elements 21 may be located between the leaf spring 16 and the security band 19 both around the eye 17 and on the remaining part of the leaf spring 16, i.e. between the first side 25 of the leaf spring and the security band 19, and / or between the second side 26 of the leaf spring and the security band 19. The spacer element 21 or the spacer elements 21 may be made of a plastic - or rubber mimaterial. The material may be at least partially compressible.
    The purpose of the spacer element 21 or the spacer elements 21 is to maintain a distance 8 between the safety band 19 and the leaf spring 16, so that the safety band 19 and the leaf spring 16 do not abut against each other, which can give rise to wear on the parts. The spacer elements 21 can also be used to center the security band 19 concentrically to the eye 17. The spacer elements 21 in the figure are attached to the security band 19 through the feed elements 30.
    Fig. 5A also shows a continuous drill hole 39 in the leaf spring 16 and the safety belt 19. The drill tail 39 is arranged to receive a fastening element 24 for attaching the safety belt 19 to the leaf spring 16.
    Fig. 5B shows a part of the spring device 6 in Fig. 4 seen from above. As can be seen in the figure, the safety band 19 has a width which is substantially equal to the width of the leaf spring 16.
    In Fig. 6A, the security strap 16 in Fig. 5A is shown exposed. Hai 'clearly shows that the spacer elements 21 are fixed to the security band 16 with fastening elements 30. The fastening elements 30 thus only have the spacer elements 21 to the security band 16. The cooling unit 20 is shown without screw connections.
    In Fig. 6B, the security strap 16 in Fig. 5B is shown exposed and without fastening element 30.
    The safety strap 16 has a hole 31 for the fastening element 30, and a similar hole 30 is located on the opposite side of the safety strap 16 for receiving a feed element 30. The clamping unit 20 also has a hole 32 for the screw connection 32. The safety strap 16 also has a hole 33 which is placed on the safety band 33 so that it matches the drill tail 39 in the leaf spring 16 (Fig. 5A). On the safety belt 16 which lies against the other opposite side of the leaf spring 16, a corresponding hole 33 is arranged which matches the drill tail 39. The illustrated holes 30, 31, 32, 33, 39 and associated conveyor belts may, however, be a larger or smaller number.
    In a basic embodiment, the leaf spring 16 has a tapered shape in a direction towards the oglan 17 from the mounting area 23, so as to be able to absorb forces along the leaf spring 16 to which the leaf spring 16 is subjected before it is mounted to the vehicle 1. To control any fractures near OgIan 17, then the leaf spring 16 can be treated with different salts. Fig. 7 shows the spring device 6 according to an embodiment, in which the leaf spring 16 comprises a recessed portion 27 in connection with the owl 17.
    The thickness of the leaf spring 16 is thus reduced in the recessed portion 27 beyond the tapered shape in the basic embodiment of the leaf spring 16. The recessed portion 27 is preferably formed in an ogle region 28 pa. the leaf spring 16 extending from a stall on the leaf spring 16 where the leaf spring 16 abuts spire may form the eye 17, along about a quarter of the leaf spring 16 along the horizontal vehicle direction ie towards the mounting area 23. The intended portion 28 may be located on either first or second side 25, 26 of the leaf spring 16, alternatively distributed on both sides 25, 26.
    As a complement or as an alternative, either of the first and second sides 25, 26 of the leaf spring may be machined in an area outside the Ogle area 28 adjacent to the oglan 17 in order to increase the half-strength in the area outside the Ogle area 28. Processing may take place by stress relief, e.g. cold hammering. Compressive stresses are then built into the surface of the leaf spring 16. The rest of the leaf spring 16 is loaded with buoy tension with a central load. The stress relief should be done on the static traction side, which is usually the side 25, 26 which is directed towards the ground plane when the leaf spring 16 is mounted.
    As a further complement or alternative to the embodiments described above, the thickness of the leaf spring 16 may be increased outside the Ogle area 28.
    Fig. 8 illustrates how the spring device 6 can behave in the event of a break near the eye 17, as the spring device 6 comprises the leaf spring 16, the safety belt 16 and the cooling unit 20. As described in connection with Fig. 2, the spring device 6 is fixed to a wheel axle 4. The dashed lines shows where the spring device 6 and the wheel axle 4 were before the fracture occurred. The leaf spring 16 has thus come off in connection with OgIan 17, and the safety belt 16 is reshaped by the lifting force on the spring device 6. The wheel axle 4 is moved towards the vehicle body 8. The elongate part of the leaf spring 16 viii passes over OgIan 17, but is obstructed by safety belt 16 and the clamping unit 21 which hails down the leaf spring 16. The guide 17 is prevented from falling off by the safety band 16 and the clamping unit 21. The clamping unit 21 should be placed near the clamping unit 17, and the space, or play, between the clamping unit 21 and the leaf spring 16 to fall away from the spring device 6. The elongate part of the leaf spring 16 is thus prevented from moving in relation to the loop 17 more than the play between the loop 17 and the safety belt 16 and any extension of the safety belt 16 dials.
    The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Different alternatives, modifications and equivalents can be am / al-dn. Therefore, the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. 11
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A spring device (6) comprising a leaf spring (16) with an eagle (17) in its one end which is intended to be mounted to a vehicle body (8), the leaf spring (16) is further adapted to be mounted to a wheel axle (4 ) via a shaft attachment (7), characterized in that the spring device (6) comprises a safety band (19) extending from a mounting area (23) on the leaf spring (16) within which mounting area (23) the leaf spring (16) is adapted to mounted to the wheel axle (4) and further along a first side (25) on the leaf spring (16) to enclose the Oglan (17); the safety band (19) then extends further along a second side (26) of the leaf spring (16) to the mounting area (23) of the leaf spring (16); the spring device (6) further comprises a clamping unit (20) which connects the safety band (19) to the leaf spring (16).
    [2]
    The spring device (6) according to claim 1, wherein the cooling unit (20) is located adjacent to the Oglan (17).
    [3]
    The spring device (6) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the safety band (19) is made of the flat wire.
    [4]
    The spring device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the leaf spring (16) has a tapered shape in a direction towards Oglan (17).
    [5]
    The spring device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the leaf spring (16) comprises a recessed portion in (27) connection to the oglan (17).
    [6]
    The spring device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein either of the first and second sides (25, 26) of the leaf spring is machined in an area outside an Ogle area (28) adjacent to the Oglan (17) to increase the half-strength in the area outside the ogle area (28). 12
    [7]
    The spring device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, which comprises at least one spacer element (21) between the safety band (19) and the leaf spring (16).
    [8]
    The spring device (6) according to claim 7, wherein the spacer element (21) dr is placed between the safety belt (19) and the OgIan (17) pd. leaf spring (16).
    [9]
    The spring device (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the safety band (19) is fixed to the leaf spring (16) with fastening elements (30).
    [10]
    A spring suspension (3) for a wheel axle (4) of a vehicle (1), the spring suspension (3) comprising a spring device (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the spring device (6) extending in a horizontal vehicle direction and is mounted to a vehicle body (8) pa. the vehicle (1) via a spring first (5) which houses a bearing (13), the spring device (6) is in its dude with an ogla (17) mounted to the spring fastener (5) via a bolt (12) which extends in a substantially transverse vehicle direction through the bearing (13) and through the OgIan (17), the spring device (6) is further attached at its second spirit to the wheel axle (4) via a shaft head (7). 20 1/2 4
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2992239A1|2016-03-09|
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    EP2992239A4|2017-01-25|
    SE537361C2|2015-04-14|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1403153A|1920-09-11|1922-01-10|Ferrier Peter|Spring|
    GB247074A|1925-07-04|1926-02-11|George Alfred Woodhead|Improvements in or relating to laminated springs|
    US1638516A|1925-12-26|1927-08-09|Fred E Maxfield|Spring|
    US1799880A|1928-03-15|1931-04-07|Edgar J Arcand|Vehicle spring|
    GB320346A|1928-07-09|1929-10-09|Charles Stirling|Improvements in and relating to laminated springs|
    FR679034A|1928-11-26|1930-04-08|Self-damping spring|
    US1900841A|1932-04-11|1933-03-07|Mather Spring Company|Spring construction|
    US2510418A|1949-09-17|1950-06-06|Roehrig John|Vehicle spring suspension|
    FR1067595A|1952-12-11|1954-06-16|Manuf De Ressorts De Terrenoir|Leaf suspension spring for road vehicles|
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    GB767504A|1953-07-18|1957-02-06|Brockhouse J & Co Ltd|Improvements relating to laminated spring assemblies|
    GB806312A|1956-02-02|1958-12-23|Brockhouse J & Co Ltd|Improvements in or relating to laminated spring assemblies|
    GB868812A|1958-05-14|1961-05-25|Toledo Woodhead Springs Ltd|Improvements in multi-leaf springs|
    FR1567176A|1968-02-13|1969-05-16|
    JP2776469B2|1989-01-17|1998-07-16|三菱製綱株式会社|Leaf spring device for vehicle suspension system|
    DE4239512A1|1992-11-25|1994-05-26|Iveco Magirus|Sliding element for insertion between ends of vehicle leaf spring - has guide rib on one side and guide groove on opposite side to engage guide and groove in spring ends|
    JP2878540B2|1992-12-10|1999-04-05|三菱製鋼株式会社|Leaf spring device for vehicle suspension system|
    US7290758B2|2005-08-29|2007-11-06|Melvin Svendsen|Leaf spring assembly with retaining device|CN109404455B|2017-12-08|2021-01-26|刘守银|FRPblade spring and assembly thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350526A|SE537361C2|2013-04-30|2013-04-30|Spring assembly and suspension|SE1350526A| SE537361C2|2013-04-30|2013-04-30|Spring assembly and suspension|
    PCT/SE2014/050403| WO2014178770A1|2013-04-30|2014-04-03|Spring device and spring suspension|
    BR112015026509A| BR112015026509A2|2013-04-30|2014-04-03|spring device and spring suspension|
    EP14791014.5A| EP2992239B1|2013-04-30|2014-04-03|Spring device and spring suspension|
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